How to Approach Biomedical Equipment Repair – A Stepwise Guide for Engineers

Repairing complex medical and laboratory equipment requires a systematic approach. Here’s a brief step-by-step guide for biomedical and electronics engineers:
Step 1: Safety First

Always power down and unplug equipment before inspection.

Use ESD (Electrostatic Discharge) precautions—ground yourself!

Wear gloves and follow infection control protocols in clinical settings.

Step 2: Gather Documentation

Obtain user manuals, service guides, and schematics from manufacturers.

Review service history for recurring problems.

Step 3: Visual Inspection

Check for obvious physical damage, burnt components, loose connections, or corrosion.

Verify all cables and connectors.

Step 4: Basic Functional Tests

Power on (if safe), check indicator lights, displays, and self-test functions.

Note any error codes for reference.

Step 5: Diagnostic Testing

Use a multimeter, oscilloscope, or relevant analyzer to check voltages, continuity, and signals.

Compare readings with manufacturer specifications.

Step 6: Isolate the Fault

Divide the system: Power supply, control board, sensors, actuators.

Use process of elimination to locate the faulty section.

Step 7: Component Level Repair

Replace or repair defective components (fuses, relays, ICs, connectors, sensors).

Solder or re-seat as necessary, using proper tools.

Step 8: Reassemble and Test

After repair, reassemble carefully.

Run a full functional test (sometimes called a “performance verification”).

Calibrate as per OEM/ISO standards if required.

Step 9: Documentation and Handover

Record all findings, repairs performed, and parts replaced.

Update maintenance logs for traceability and compliance.

Brief the user/staff on any changes or precautions.

Step 10: Preventive Action

Suggest routine checks or upgrades to prevent recurrence.

Educate users on proper handling to maximize equipment life.

Regards
IHSAN ULLAH KHAN